CompTIA XK0-005 Exam Topics
CompTIA XK0-005 Exam Overview :
| Exam Name: | CompTIA Linux+ Certification Exam |
| Exam Code: | XK0-005 |
| Certifications: | CompTIA Linux+ Certification |
| Actual Exam Duration: | 90 minutes |
| Expected no. of Questions in Actual Exam: | 90 |
| Exam Registration Price: | $358 |
| See Expected Questions: | CompTIA XK0-005 Expected Questions in Actual Exam |
CompTIA XK0-005 Exam Objectives :
| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| 1.0 System Management | 32% | 1.1 Summarize Linux fundamentals. • Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) - /boot - /proc - /sys - /var - /usr - /lib - /dev - /etc - /opt - /bin - /sbin - /home - /media - /mnt - /root - /tmp • Basic boot process - Basic input/output system (BIOS) - Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) - Commands • mkinitrd • grub2-install • grub2-mkconfig • grub2-update • dracut - initrd.img - vmlinuz - Grand Unified Bootloader version 2 (GRUB2) - Boot sources • Preboot eXecution Environment (PXE) • Booting from Universal Serial Bus (USB) • Booting from ISO • Kernel panic • Device types in /dev - Block devices - Character devices - Special character devices • /dev/null • /dev/zero • /dev/urandom • Basic package compilation from source - ./configure - make - make install • Storage concepts - File storage - Block storage - Object storage - Partition typo • Master boot record (MBR) • GUID [globally unique identifier] Partition Table (GPT) - Filesystem in Userspace (FUSE) - Redundant Array of Independent (or Inexpensive) Disks (RAID) levels • Striping • Mirroring • Parity • Listing hardware information - lspci - lsusb - dmidecode 1.2 Given a scenario, manage files and directories. • File editing - sed - awk - printf - nano - vi(m) • File compression, archiving, and backup - gzip - bzip2 - zip - tar - xz - cpio - dd • File metadata - stat - file • Soft and hard links • Copying files between systems - rsync - scp - nc • File and directory operations - mv - cp - mkdir - rmdir - ls - pwd - rm - cd - . - .. - ~ - tree - cat - touch 1.3 Given a scenario, configure and manage storage using the appropriate tools. • File editing - sed - awk - printf - nano - vi(m) • File compression, archiving, and backup - gzip - bzip2 - zip - tar - xz - cpio - dd • File metadata - stat - file • Soft and hard links • Copying files between systems - rsync - scp - nc • File and directory operations - mv - cp - mkdir - rmdir - ls - pwd - rm - cd - . - .. - ~ - tree - cat - touch • Disk partitioning - Commands • fdisk • parted • partprobe • Mounting local and remote devices - systemd.mount - /etc/fstab - mount - Linux Unified Key Setup (LUKS) - External devices • Filesystem management - XFS tools - Ext4 tools - Btrfs tools • Monitoring storage space and disk usage - df - du • Creating and modifying volumes using Logical Volume Manager (LVM) - Commands • pvs • vgs • lvs • lvchange • lvcreate • vgcreate • lvresize • pvcreate • vgextend • Inspecting RAID implementations - mdadm - /proc/mdstat • Storage area network (SAN)/ network-attached storage (NAS) - multipathd - Network filesystems • Network File System (NFS) • Server Message Block (SMB)/Common Internet File System (CIFS) • Storage hardware - lsscsi - lsblk - blkid - fcstat 1.4 Given a scenario, configure and use the appropriate processes and services. • System services - systemctl • stop • start • restart • status • enable • disable • mask • Scheduling services - cron - crontab - at • Process management - Kill signals • SIGTERM • SIGKILL • SIGHUP - Listing processes and open files • top • ps • lsof • htop - Setting priorities • nice • renice - Process states • Zombie • Sleeping • Running • Stopped - Job control • bg • fg • jobs • Ctrl+Z • Ctrl+C • Ctrl+D - pgrep - pkill - pidof 1.5 Given a scenario, use the appropriate networking tools or configuration files. • Interface management - iproute2 tools • ip • ss - NetworkManager • nmcli - net-tools • ifconfig • ifcfg • hostname • arp • route - /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ • Name resolution - nsswitch - /etc/resolv.conf - systemd • hostnamectl • resolvectl - Bind-utils • dig • nslookup • host - WHOIS • Network monitoring - tcpdump - wireshark/tshark - netstat - traceroute - ping - mtr • Remote networking tools - Secure Shell (SSH) - cURL - wget - nc - rsync - Secure Copy Protocol (SCP) - SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) 1.6 Given a scenario, build and install software. • Package management - DNF - YUM - APT - RPM - dpkg - ZYpp • Sandboxed applications - snapd - Flatpak - AppImage • System updates - Kernel updates - Package updates 1.7 Given a scenario, manage software configurations. • Updating configuration files - Procedures • Restart service • Reload service - .rpmnew - .rpmsave Repository configuration files • /etc/apt.conf • /etc/yum.conf • /etc/dnf/dnf.conf • /etc/yum.repo.d • /etc/apt/sources.list.d • Configure kernel options - Parameters • sysctl • /etc/sysctl.conf - Modules • lsmod • imsmod • rmmod • insmod • modprobe • modinfo • Configure common system services - SSH - Network Time Protocol (NTP) - Syslog - chrony • Localization - timedatectl - localectl |
| 2.0 Security | 21% | 2.1 Summarize the purpose and use of security best practices in a Linux environment. • Managing public key infrastructure (PKI) certificates - Public key - Private key - Self-signed certificate - Digital signature - Wildcard certificate - Hashing - Certificate authorities • Certificate use cases - Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)/ Transport Layer Security (TLS) - Certificate authentication - Encryption • Authentication - Tokens - Multifactor authentication (MFA) - Pluggable authentication modules (PAM) - System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) - Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) - Single sign-on (SSO) • Linux hardening - Security scanning - Secure boot • UEFI - System logging configurations - Setting default umask - Disabling/removing insecure services - Enforcing password strength - Removing unused packages - Tuning kernel parameters - Securing service accounts - Configuring the host firewall 2.2 Given a scenario, implement identity management. • Account creation and deletion - Utilities • useradd • groupadd • userdel • groupdel • usermod • groupmod • id • who • w - Default shell - Configuration files • /etc/passwd • /etc/group • /etc/shadow • /etc/profile • /etc/skel • .bash_profile • .bashrc • Account management - passwd - chage - pam_tally2 - faillock - /etc/login.defs 2.3 Given a scenario, implement and configure firewalls. • Firewall use cases - Open and close ports - Check current configuration - Enable/disable Internet protocol (IP) forwarding • Common firewall technologies - firewalld - iptables - nftables - Uncomplicated firewall (UFW) Key firewall features - Zones - Services - Stateful - Stateless 2.4 Given a scenario, configure and execute remote connectivity for system management. • SSH - Configuration files • /etc/ssh/sshd_config • /etc/ssh/ssh_config • ~/.ssh/known_hosts • ~/.ssh/authorized_keys • /etc/ssh/sshd_config • /etc/ssh/ssh_config • ~/.ssh/config - Commands • ssh-keygen • ssh-copy-id • ssh-add - Tunneling • X11 forwarding • Port forwarding • Dynamic forwarding • Executing commands as another user - /etc/sudoers - PolicyKit rules - Commands • sudo • visudo • su – • pkexec 2.5 Given a scenario, apply the appropriate access controls. • File permissions - Access control list (ACL) - Set user ID (SUID) - Set group ID (SGID) - Sticky bit • Security-enhanced Linux (SELinux) - Context permissions - Labels • Autorelabel - System booleans - States • Enforcing • Permissive • Disabled - Policy types • Targeted • Minimum • AppArmor - Application permissions • Command-line utilities - chown - umask - chmod - getfacl - setfacl - ls - setenforce - getenforce - chattr - lsattr - chgrp - setsebool - getsebool - chcon - restorecon - semanage - audit2allow |
| 3.0 Scripting, Containers, and Automation | 19% | 3.1 Given a scenario, create simple shell scripts to automate common tasks. • Shell script elements - Loops • while • for • until - Conditionals • if • switch/case - Shell parameter expansion • Globbing • Brace expansions - Comparisons • Arithmetic • String • Boolean - Variables - Search and replace - Regular expressions - Standard stream redirection • | • || • > • >> • < • << • & • && • Redirecting • stderr • stdout - Here documents - Exit codes - Shell built-in commands • read • echo • source • Common script utilities • awk • sed • find • xargs • grep • egrep • tee • wc • cut • tr - head - tail • Environment variables - $PATH - $SHELL - $? • Relative and absolute paths 3.2 Given a scenario, perform basic container operations. • Container management - Starting/stopping - Inspecting - Listing - Deploying existing images - Connecting to containers - Logging - Exposing ports • Container image operations - build - push - pull - list - rm 3.3 Given a scenario, perform basic version control using Git. • clone • push • pull • commit • add • checkout • branch • tag • gitignore 3.4 Summarize common infrastructure as code technologies. • clone • push • pull • commit • add • checkout • branch • tag • gitignore • File formats - YAML Ain’t Markup Language (YAML) - JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) • Utilities - Ansible - Puppet - Chef - SaltStack - Terraform • Continuous integration/ continuous deployment (CI/CD) - Use cases • Advanced Git topics - merge - rebase - Pull requests 3.5 Summarize container, cloud, and orchestration concepts. • clone • push • pull • commit • add • checkout • branch • tag • gitignore • File formats - YAML Ain’t Markup Language (YAML) - JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) • Utilities - Ansible - Puppet - Chef - SaltStack - Terraform • Continuous integration/ continuous deployment (CI/CD) - Use cases • Advanced Git topics - merge - rebase - Pull requests • Kubernetes benefits and application use cases - Pods - Sidecars - Ambassador containers • Single-node, multicontainer use cases - Compose • Container persistent storage • Container networks - Overlay networks - Bridging - Network address translation (NAT) - Host • Service mesh • Bootstrapping - Cloud-init • Container registries |
| 4.0 Troubleshooting | 28% | 4.1 Given a scenario, analyze and troubleshoot storage issues. • High latency - Input/output (I/O) wait • Low throughput • Input/output operations per second (IOPS) scenarios - Low IOPS • Capacity issues - Low disk space - Inode exhaustion • Filesystem issues - Corruption - Mismatch • I/O scheduler • Device issues - Non-volatile memory express (NVMe) - Solid-state drive (SSD) - SSD trim - RAID - LVM - I/O errors • Mount option problems 4.2 Given a scenario, analyze and troubleshoot network resource issues. • Network configuration issues - Subnet - Routing • Firewall issues • Interface errors - Dropped packets - Collisions - Link status • Bandwidth limitations - High latency • Name resolution issues - Domain Name System (DNS) • Testing remote systems - Nmap - openssl s_client 4.3 Given a scenario, analyze and troubleshoot central processing unit (CPU) and memory issues. • Runaway processes • Zombie processes • High CPU utilization • High load average • High run queues • CPU times - steal - user - system - idle - iowait • CPU process priorities - nice - renice • Memory exhaustion - Free memory vs. file cache • Out of memory (OOM) - Memory leaks - Process killer • Swapping • Hardware - lscpu - lsmem - /proc/cpuinfo - /proc/meminfo 4.4 Given a scenario, analyze and troubleshoot user access and file permissions. • User login issues • User file access issues - Group - Context - Permission - ACL - Attribute - Policy/non-policy • Password issues • Privilege elevation • Quota issues 4.5 Given a scenario, use systemd to diagnose and resolve common problems with a Linux system. • Unit files - Service • Networking services • ExecStart/ExecStop • Before/after • Type • User • Requires/wants - Timer • OnCalendar • OnBootSec • Unit • Time expressions - Mount • Naming conventions • What • Where • Type • Options - Target • Default • Multiuser • Network-online • Graphical • Common problems - Name resolution failure - Application crash - Time-zone configuration - Boot issues - Journal issues - Services not starting on time |
| Official Information | https://www.comptia.org/certifications/linux |
Updates in the CompTIA XK0-005 Exam Topics:
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